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Research Article
Feature Selection AI Technique for Predicting Chronic Kidney Disease
Preethi Kolluru Ramanaiah*
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
32-40
Received:
31 May 2024
Accepted:
21 June 2024
Published:
8 July 2024
Abstract: The kidney is a vital organ that plays a crucial role in eliminating waste and excess water from the bloodstream. When renal function is impaired, the filtration process also ceases. This leads to an elevation of harmful molecules in the body, a condition referred to as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early-stage chronic kidney disease often lacks noticeable symptoms, making it challenging to detect in its early stages. Diagnosing chronic kidney disease (CKD) typically involves advanced blood and urine tests, but unfortunately, by the time these tests are conducted, the disease may already be life-threatening. Our research focuses on the early prediction of chronic kidney disease (CKD) using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques. Utilized a dataset from the machine learning repository at the University of California, Irvine (UCI) to train various machine learning algorithms in conjunction with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model. The algorithms encompassed in this set are Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Gradient Boosting (GB). Based on the experimental results, the CNN model achieves a prediction accuracy of precisely 97% after feature selection, the highest among all models tested. Hence, the objective of this project is to develop a deep learning-based prediction model to aid healthcare professionals in the timely identification of chronic kidney disease (CKD), potentially leading to life-saving interventions for patients.
Abstract: The kidney is a vital organ that plays a crucial role in eliminating waste and excess water from the bloodstream. When renal function is impaired, the filtration process also ceases. This leads to an elevation of harmful molecules in the body, a condition referred to as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early-stage chronic kidney disease often lacks no...
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Research Article
Investigation of Histological Image Classification Methods Using Different Feature Extraction Techniques
Nomaz Mirzaev,
Farkhod Meliev*
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
41-47
Received:
6 July 2024
Accepted:
6 August 2024
Published:
20 August 2024
Abstract: This paper examines the performance of different machine and deep learning algorithms in classifying colon histological images using different feature extraction methods. The relationship between the feature extraction methods and the selected machine learning methods to improve the classification accuracy is analyzed. Widely used methods like local binary patterns, histograms of oriented gradients, Gabor filter and Dobeshi wavelets are investigated for feature extraction from colon histological images. The features extracted by histogram of oriented gradients and Gabor filter methods were used as a single joint feature vector. And popular machine learning methods such as Support vector machine, Decision trees, Random forest, k-nearest neighbors and Naive Bayesian method were used to classify the selected images. The paper also investigates ensemble methods using gradient bousting and voting classifier as examples. The authors also focus on the study of convolutional neural networks as they are one of the main deep learning methods at the moment. The classification methods selected for analysis are compared in terms of classification accuracy and time taken for training and recognition. All pre-defined and adjustable parameters of both feature extraction methods and classification methods were personally selected by the authors as a result of experimental studies, which were conducted using a software tool created in the Python programming language on a set of LC25000 histological images. The software created is easily customizable and can be used in the future to investigate classification methods on other datasets.
Abstract: This paper examines the performance of different machine and deep learning algorithms in classifying colon histological images using different feature extraction methods. The relationship between the feature extraction methods and the selected machine learning methods to improve the classification accuracy is analyzed. Widely used methods like loca...
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Research Article
Incorporation of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Quality of Life in Smart Cities
Aman Ullah*,
Syeda Arfa Quddusi,
Iftikhar Haider
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
48-54
Received:
9 September 2024
Accepted:
29 September 2024
Published:
18 October 2024
Abstract: Rapid urbanization and low residential resources in cities are serious issues that are making city life difficult day by day. The development of smart cities is becoming a need of the present era due to the swift increase in population and environmental issues globally. Smart cities are being introduced in different regions of the world with the incorporation of latest technologies. The incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the tools that can be used in smart building and cities. AI technologies are transforming public safety, trash management, healthcare, traffic control, and resource management, making cities more sustainable, effective, and responsive to their citizens' demands. There are still lack of awareness in some areas of the world on the efficacy of smart building and construction that is impacting negatively on the economy and growth of those countries.; such as Pakistan is one of those countries that is facing serious challenges due to increased population, urban migration, and poor management of natural resources. The need of planning smart strategies for smart building is very crucial to manage population and housing issues. Smart buildings and cities provide unique and convenient facilities to its residents so that they can contribute positively towards the economy of country. This paper focuses at important areas where AI has the most effects in order to investigate how integrating AI improves quality of life in smart cities. The aim is to highlight artificial intelligence's contribution to improving urban operations, streamlining resource management, and advancing sustainability. Additionally, potential concerns about privacy, data security, and fair access will be discussed. In order to show how AI-driven innovations like predictive analytics, machine learning, and IoT-enabled systems are changing the urban environment, the study synthesizes existing research and real-world examples. The evaluation also covers how AI promotes smart government, tailored urban services, and citizen involvement. The conclusion emphasizes that although AI has great potential to improve the quality of life in smart cities, implementation of the technology must be done in a balanced way to prioritize inclusive policies and ethical concerns for the general welfare of residents.
Abstract: Rapid urbanization and low residential resources in cities are serious issues that are making city life difficult day by day. The development of smart cities is becoming a need of the present era due to the swift increase in population and environmental issues globally. Smart cities are being introduced in different regions of the world with the in...
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Research Article
AI-Driven 5G Network Optimization: A Comprehensive Review of Resource Allocation, Traffic Management, and Dynamic Network Slicing
Dileesh Chandra Bikkasani*,
Malleswar Reddy Yerabolu
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
55-62
Received:
24 October 2024
Accepted:
9 November 2024
Published:
28 November 2024
Abstract: The rapid advancement of 5G networks, coupled with the increasing complexity of resource management, traffic handling, and dynamic service demands, underscores the necessity for more intelligent network optimization techniques. This paper comprehensively reviews AI-driven methods applied to 5G network optimization, focusing on resource allocation, traffic management, and network slicing. Traditional models face limitations in adapting to the dynamic nature of modern telecommunications, while AI techniques—particularly machine learning (ML) and deep reinforcement learning (DRL)—offer scalable and adaptive solutions. These approaches facilitate real-time optimization by learning from network conditions, predicting traffic patterns, and managing resources intelligently across virtual network slices. The integration of AI into 5G networks enhances performance, reduces latency, and ensures efficient bandwidth utilization, which is essential for supporting emerging applications such as the Internet of Things (IoT), autonomous systems, and augmented reality. Furthermore, this paper highlights key AI techniques and their applications to 5G challenges, illustrating their potential to drive future innovations in network management. By laying the groundwork for autonomous network operations in 6G and beyond, this research emphasizes the transformative impact of AI on telecommunications infrastructure and its role in shaping the future of connectivity.
Abstract: The rapid advancement of 5G networks, coupled with the increasing complexity of resource management, traffic handling, and dynamic service demands, underscores the necessity for more intelligent network optimization techniques. This paper comprehensively reviews AI-driven methods applied to 5G network optimization, focusing on resource allocation, ...
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Research Article
The Expected Contribution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Adoption in Supply Chain Management
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
63-67
Received:
16 October 2024
Accepted:
6 November 2024
Published:
29 November 2024
Abstract: In today's rapidly evolving economy, the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) within supply chain management (SCM) has emerged as a key area of study. The integration of AI technologies into SCM systems presents a transformative opportunity for organizations seeking to enhance operational efficiency, reduce costs, and establish a competitive advantage in a dynamic market. AI technologies—ranging from machine learning algorithms to predictive analytics—serve as pivotal tools in addressing these challenges. By automating routine tasks, forecasting demand with greater accuracy, and facilitating real-time decision-making, AI enhances responsiveness and agility within supply chains. The economic benefits of incorporating AI into SCM frameworks are substantial. Implementing AI-driven solutions can lead to significant cost savings through improved inventory management, reduced waste, and enhanced resource allocation. For instance, machine learning models can predict stock requirements more accurately, minimizing excessive inventory and associated holding costs. Additionally, AI enhances supplier relationship management by analyzing vendor performance data, leading to more informed selection processes and negotiation strategies. As the field continues to evolve, it is crucial for professionals to engage with emerging technologies, ensuring that they remain competitive and responsive to the demands of an ever-changing market landscape. This study reviews the literature to determine why supply chain management (SCM) needs to adopt artificial intelligence (AI) in terms of integrative tactical planning, resource utilization and cost reduction, risk management, data management and inventory management. The aim of this study was to encourage professionals to investigate the possibilities of AI technology to enhance several elements of the supply chain.
Abstract: In today's rapidly evolving economy, the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) within supply chain management (SCM) has emerged as a key area of study. The integration of AI technologies into SCM systems presents a transformative opportunity for organizations seeking to enhance operational efficiency, reduce costs, and establish a competitive ad...
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Research Article
Evaluation of Task Specific Productivity Improvements Using a Generative Artificial Intelligence Personal Assistant Tool
Brian S. Freeman*,
Kendall Arriola,
Dan Cottell,
Emmett Lawlor,
Matt Erdman,
Trevor Sutherland,
Brian Wells
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
68-80
Received:
29 October 2024
Accepted:
14 November 2024
Published:
18 December 2024
Abstract: This study evaluates the productivity improvements achieved using a generative artificial intelligence personal assistant tool (PAT) developed by Trane Technologies. The PAT, based on OpenAI’s GPT 3.5 model, was deployed on Microsoft Azure to ensure secure access and protection of intellectual property. To assess the tool’s productivity effectiveness, an experiment was conducted comparing the completion times and content quality of four common office tasks: writing an email, summarizing an article, creating instructions for a simple task, and preparing a presentation outline. Sixty-three (63) participants were randomly divided into a test group using the PAT and a control group performing the tasks manually. Results indicated significant productivity enhancements, particularly for tasks involving summarization and instruction creation, with improvements ranging from 3.3% to 69%. The study further analyzed factors such as the age of users, response word counts, and quality of responses, revealing that the PAT users generated more verbose and higher-quality content. Writing email content improved by 3.3%, summarizing text improved by 69%, creating instructions improved by 45.9%, and preparing an outline improved by 24.8%. An ’LLM-as-a-judge’ method employing GPT-4 was used to grade the quality of responses, which effectively distinguished between high and low-quality outputs. The findings underscore the potential of PATs in enhancing workplace productivity and highlight areas for further research and optimization.
Abstract: This study evaluates the productivity improvements achieved using a generative artificial intelligence personal assistant tool (PAT) developed by Trane Technologies. The PAT, based on OpenAI’s GPT 3.5 model, was deployed on Microsoft Azure to ensure secure access and protection of intellectual property. To assess the tool’s productivity effectivene...
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Research Article
Infobody Structures for Logical Artificial Intelligence with Database Implementation
Yuhu Che*
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2024
Pages:
81-113
Received:
15 October 2024
Accepted:
4 December 2024
Published:
23 December 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajai.20240802.17
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore the applications of infobody concepts, infobody structures and infobody charts to Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically, Logical Artificial Intelligence (LAI). It is also trying to explore a new way to resolve some logical issues in current Artificial Intelligence studies with ChatGPT such as answering reasoning questions in family relations. For this purpose, detailed family relations are discussed based on relation theory. Some new concepts such as primary relations, reversed relations and derived relations for family relations are introduced. Also, a relational database is introduced to implement these family relations and the relationships between these family relations, and make them calculatable with SQL. Each SQL query becomes an infobody processor and together with the input and output infobodies compose a unit infobody structure. Multiple unit structures compose an answer structure to answer a specific question in family relations. A specific unit structure can join multiple answer structures to answer multiple questions. A processor with related input infobodies contains all detailed information for reasoning to a specific output infobody and therefore an answer structure can answer a specific reasoning (logical) question. Each answer structure can be presented in an infobody chart which is a visualization of an infobody model. An infobody model can be implemented in another relational database that can be queried by SQL as well. Suppose all academic areas are implemented in knowledge structures with infobody models in clouds, and all commonsense areas such as family relations are implemented in thinking structures with infobody models in clouds, then, any logical AI app should be able to query some of them to answer any logical questions. Also, it is possible to make those IB models for LAI available for all kinds of robots to simulate creative thinking.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore the applications of infobody concepts, infobody structures and infobody charts to Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically, Logical Artificial Intelligence (LAI). It is also trying to explore a new way to resolve some logical issues in current Artificial Intelligence studies with ChatGPT such as answering r...
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